medicinal chemistry
Release time:
2022-05-17
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Abstract
Medicine and pharmacology have always been the fields of human endeavor. In the earliest Chinese pharmacy book "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" (edited around the 1st century AD), the properties, preparation and compatibility of 365 kinds of medicines were recorded. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" contained 1892 kinds of medicines. These medicines are collected from natural minerals or animals and plants, and most of them must be brewed to highlight their medicinal properties or eliminate toxicity before they can be used. From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the antipyretic and analgesic drug aspirin, the antisyphilitic drug "606" (arsenic preparation), and the antimalarial drug A' Equal were produced. These chemically synthesized drugs have low cost, high purity and are not affected by natural conditions. , showed a significant effect. In the 1930s, people identified the structure of vitamins in fruits and rice bran by chemical analysis, and produced vitamin C and vitamin B1 by artificial synthesis, which solved the problem of insufficient output and unstable quality of vitamins extracted from natural substances. contradiction. After the sulfa drugs were put into production in 1935, tens of thousands of puerperal fever patients were saved. The discovery and production of penicillin received amazing results in treating the wounded and sick during World War II. Streptomycin as well as sodium p-aminosalicylate, remifon, etc. defeated tuberculosis, ending the threat of this spreading disease to human beings in a historical period. Smallpox, plague, typhoid, etc., until the 19th century, had been one of the disasters beyond human control, and these infectious diseases were basically eliminated after the antiviral vaccine was put into industrial production. In the 21st century, vaccines are still a powerful weapon in the fight against viral diseases. There are also various clinical chemical reagents and various new drug formulations emerging, which has greatly improved the medical industry and improved human health.
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